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Economy Reform : All exchange rate segmentation is “abolished with immediate effect,” Says CBN Director

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…Market-driven currency regime excites financial experts

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) yesterday unified all exchange rates within the economy into the Investors and Exporters (I&E) window.
In a circular to authorised dealers signed by CBN Director, Financial Markets, Angela Sere-Ejembi, the regulator said all exchange rate segmentation is “abolished with immediate effect”.

The CBN said all segments of the foreign exchange market are now collapsed into the I&E window.

It added that applications for medicals, school fees, Business Travel Allowance/Personal Travel Allowance and SMEs would continue to be processed through the I&E window.

Experts spoken to by our correspondence welcomed the development, saying it will remove corruption, increase Forex inflow and boost economic development.

The apex bank action is in line with the directive by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu in his inauguration day speech, which was yet to be carried out by suspended CBN Governor Godwin Emefiele before he was edged out of office last week.

Emefiele is currently under probe for his conduct during his nine years in office.

Under Emefiele, the CBN resisted the pressure from World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that the naira should be floated to determine its real value and eliminate the corruption embedded in the multiple exchange rates regime.

In the circular, the CBN also said that the operational changes to the foreign exchange market include the re-introduction of the “Willing Buyer, Willing Seller” model at the I&E Window.

“Operations in this window shall be guided by the extant circular on the establishment of the window, dated 21 April 2017 and referenced FMD/DIR/CIR/GEN/08/007.

“All eligible transactions are permitted to access foreign exchange at this window,” it stated.

According to the circular, all operational rates for all government-related transactions shall be the weighted average rate of the preceding day’s executed transactions at the I&E window, calculated to two decimal places.

“Proscription of trading limits on oversold FX positions with permission to hedge short positions with OTC futures limits on overbought positions shall be zero.

“Re-introduction of order-based two-way quotes, with bid-ask spread of N1. All transactions shall be cleared by a Central Counter Party (CCP).

“Re-introduction of Order Book to ensure transparency of orders and seamless execution of trades.

“The operational hours of trades shall be from 9 am to 4 pm, Nigeria time,” the circular said.

Also, there is a cessation of the RT200 Rebate Scheme and the Naira4Dollar Remittance Scheme, with effect from 30 June 2023.

Market-driven naira value excites financial experts

The Finance and economic experts, who welcomed the floating of the Naira are the President, the Association of Capital Market Academics, Prof. Uche Uwaleke; Chief Executive Officer, Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise [CPPE], Mr Muda Yusuf; Fiscal Policy Partner and Africa Tax Leader, PwC, Taiwo Oyedele; Chief Economist, PwC Nigeria, Andrew Neven; Managing Director, Arthur Steven Asset Management, Mr Olatunde Amolegbe; and President, Association of Bureaux De Change Operators of Nigeria (ABCON), Alhaji Aminu Gwadabe.

Others are Senior Credit Research Analyst, REDD Intelligence, Mark Bohlund; former Executive Director, Keystone Bank, Richard Obire; Director General, Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN), Mr Segun Ajayi-Kadiri; Financial analysts, Renaissance Capital, Charles Robertson; and Managing Director, SD & D Capital Management Limited, Mr Gbolade Idakolo.

Uwaleke, who said that the unification of exchange rates would lead to “ a more transparent forex market,” however, advised the CBN to implement the policy ”in a way that it would not cause massive distortions in the general price level.”

He said: “The unification of exchange rates should not be a one-step process but should be implemented over a period of time however short it may be. Empirical evidence suggests that reforms are more successful when they are sequenced and implemented in phases. This is against the backdrop of the oil subsidy removal which, taken together, can result in galloping inflation and rising poverty levels. So, while fiscal and monetary policy reforms are welcome, absolute care should be taken to strike the right balance and minimise their unintended consequences.”

Yusuf said the policy would facilitate the mopping up of naira liquidity in the economy in the short to medium term.

That, according to him, will impact positively on inflation outlook and deepen the autonomous foreign exchange market through the liberalisation of inflows from export proceeds, diaspora remittances, multinational oil companies, diplomatic missions, etc.

He added that “the erstwhile foreign exchange policy regime was for all practical purposes, a fixed exchange rate regime that created distortions and negative outcomes.”

Yusuf said the distortions included “widening the gap between the official, other multiple windows and parallel market exchange rates, collapse of liquidity in the foreign exchange market and high demand for forex .”

He added: “It is important to reiterate that this is not a devaluation policy, it is a normalisation of the foreign exchange policy regime and an adjustment of rate to reflect the fundamentals of demand and supply. It would be dynamic, and the naira will appreciate or depreciate depending on the fundamentals.”

The expert advised the CBN to ”position itself for periodic intervention in the forex market, as and when necessary.”

Oyedele said the decision was a positive move that should bring more benefits than pains to the economy.

He outlined that with the market-driven rate, the aggregate demand for forex across markets should reduce as round-tripping incentive is removed, noting that avenues for corruption such as people who fake foreign travels just to get forex at discounted rates would be.

“Also, Nigeria’s sovereign credit rating should improve if this is complemented with the right fiscal and monetary policies thereby attracting more forex inflows and lowering the cost of borrowing,” Oyedele said.

In a 10-point impact analysis, Oyedele explained that while the decision expectedly would have some negative implications, the overall impact would be positive for the economy, government revenue and the capital market.

Neven expressed support for the policy as it would remove uncertainties and ensure transparency in the forex market.

“We had stated in a report to the CBN that as long as we don’t have a unified exchange rate, and there is a lack of transparency, nobody will invest in Nigeria. We will continue to have insufficient investment and growth and consequently remain poor. What we said years ago came to pass.

”During the (Muhammadu) Buhari Administration, the average growth rate was 1.5 per cent and the population growth was 2.7 per cent. So, it is a necessary condition to get enough investment into the country when we have a unified exchange rate.

“A situation where you have multiple exchange rates, where you don’t know how to have access to foreign exchange or at what price, simply is unworkable. Any system where you have to go to the CBN in order to access foreign exchange or get approval simply isn’t going to work. That is what has been proved over the last decade.

“I think the reaction to President Tinubu’s inauguration statement was very positive, and this latest statement is very positive. We view these as a necessary step toward economic recovery in Nigeria. We’re very much in favour of the unification of the exchange rate,” Neven said.

Ajayi-Kadiri said it was a “positive development and an indication of a far-sighted strategic choice”.

He said the policy, among other range of fiscal measures to promote domestic manufacturing, was borne out of a deep reflection on the current inclement manufacturing environment and the need to stop the drift into inglorious de-industrialization of the Nigerian economy.

The MAN chief, however, said in addition to pursuing the unification of the exchange rate, the CBN should be prevailed upon to take effective action to give priority to the allocations of forex to the productive sector, particularly to manufacturers to import raw materials, spares, and machinery that are not locally available.

Also, Amolegbe said the market-driven rate was another painful reform that needed to be done noting that the multiple exchange rate regime was not doing the economy any good.

“Not only did the former multiple exchange rate system discourage the inflow of much-needed foreign investments, but it also encouraged massive corruption. Harmonizing the rates should lead to better price discovery and hopefully lead to more transparent commerce. That is why the markets responded to it positively,” Amolegbe, a former president of the Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers (CIS) said.

Gwadabe said the removal of the rate cap would allow a true market clearance rate which has been the agitation of several stakeholders in the economy.

He said the move will harness and increase various sources of supply of dollars into the economy like foreign portfolio investment, foreign direct investment, diaspora remittances, and export proceeds, among others.

“The new directive, in my opinion, is to checkmate various illegal economic behaviours like rent-seeking, currency substitution, forex holding positions and frivolous demand in the market,” Gwadabe said.

Obire said eradicating multiple exchange rates would bring about increased dollar supply, and exchange rate stability.

Also, Bohlund said the unification would help the federal government to better balance its books as it is still highly dependent on dollar-linked oil revenue while spending is in naira.

While Robertson said that “Nigeria has become investable again, adding that attracting foreign money is wise when local savings are in short supply.”

Idakolo said the floating of the naira would lead to a free market system that allows market forces to determine the rate.

“This would allow availability to determine the rate and eliminate hoarding,” Idakolo said.

He added that the development “would also encourage foreign direct investment into the economy as restrictions limiting free flow has been lifted. In the long run, as the economy becomes stronger, the naira would begin to appreciate against the Dollar and the economic activities would now determine the strength of our currency going forward.”

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Renewed Hope : No governor can complain of lack of funds under Tinubu’s administration, Says Sanwo-Olu,

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Lagos State Governor, Babajide Olusola Sanwo-Olu, has declared that under the administration of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, no state governor or local government chairman can genuinely complain of a lack of funds.

He said the Tinubu administration has significantly increased allocations to subnational governments, ensuring that states and local councils have more resources to meet their developmental obligations.

Sanwo-Olu stated this on Tuesday, November 11, while delivering the keynote address at a one-day public lecture organized by the Arewa Think Tank (ATT) to commemorate Nigeria’s 65th Independence anniversary at the Arewa House, Kaduna.

The lecture, themed “65 Years of Nigeria’s Independence: The Journey So Far with the Renewed Hope Agenda in View,” brought together political leaders, academics, youth groups, and other stakeholders to reflect on Nigeria’s national progress and future under President Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda.

The Lagos Governor praised the resilience and ingenuity of Nigerians since independence, noting that despite the country’s challenges, its capacity for growth, reform, and unity remains unmatched.

“Today, that story has changed. Ask any State Governor or Local Government Chairman, and they will tell you just how much revenue has surged under the watch of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. There is now more money to do more that benefits the people of Nigeria,” Sanwo-Olu said.

He attributed the improved fiscal outlook to deliberate policy reforms by the Tinubu administration, particularly those designed to strengthen federalism and empower the states and local governments.

According to him, between 2023 and 2024, federal allocations to state governments rose by about 62 percent, while allocations to local governments increased by 47 percent. He said the recently enacted tax reforms, which reduced the Federal Government’s share of Value Added Tax (VAT) from 15 percent to 10 percent, further underscored the President’s commitment to fiscal decentralization and grassroots development.

“With the new tax laws, states now get 55 percent of VAT, while local governments receive 35 percent. This is another bold step by the President to ensure that governance is closer to the people,” he noted.

Sanwo-Olu also lauded the President’s insistence on local government financial autonomy, recalling the administration’s Supreme Court victory, which secured historic legal backing for that autonomy.

He disclosed that President Tinubu’s next major reform focus is restructuring Nigeria’s security architecture through the creation of State Police, an initiative he described as “long overdue and fundamental.”

Citing Tinubu’s recent remarks during a meeting with Katsina leaders, Sanwo-Olu quoted: “I am reviewing all aspects of security. I have to create a State Police. We are looking at that holistically. We will defeat insecurity.”

He described the Renewed Hope Agenda as a bridge-building framework aimed at uniting Nigeria’s diverse regions through equity, reform, and inclusive development.

“President Tinubu is a veteran unifier and a bridge-builder. His Renewed Hope Agenda is about connecting Nigeria, bridges of reform, prosperity, and national unity,” he said.

Drawing inspiration from Nigeria’s founding fathers, especially the late Sir Ahmadu Bello, the Sardauna of Sokoto, Sanwo-Olu emphasized that true national development must be homegrown and context-specific.

“More than six decades later, Sardauna’s words still ring true. Our duty is to build on those legacies, planting trees we may not sit under, but ensuring a better Nigeria for future generations,” he said.

He reaffirmed that Nigeria’s diversity remains its greatest strength, saying: “We will continue to affirm that Nigeria is a proudly multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multicultural country. What binds us together is far stronger than what divides us. We shall overcome every challenge, poverty, hunger, and terrorism.”

Sanwo-Olu pledged Lagos State’s continued partnership with the Federal Government in actualizing the Renewed Hope Agenda and building a prosperous, inclusive, and resilient nation.

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Organ Transplant Scandal : Tinubu engages UK, seeks Ekweremadu’s transfer to Nigeria

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President Bola Tinubu has sent a high-level delegation to London to discuss the case of a former Deputy Senate President, Ike Ekweremadu, who has been serving a prison sentence in the United Kingdom since March 2023.

Newsthumb gathered that the Federal Government is actively seeking arrangements that would allow Ekweremadu to serve the remainder of his sentence in Nigeria.

The delegation, which included the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Yusuf Tuggar, and the Attorney General and Minister of Justice, Lateef Fagbemi, on Monday held discussions with officials at the UK Ministry of Justice regarding Ekweremadu’s incarceration.

Following the meeting, the team was received at the Nigerian High Commission in London by the Acting High Commissioner to the UK, Ambassador Mohammed Maidugu.

Confirming the development to Arise News on Monday night, the spokesman for the Foreign Affairs Minister, Alkasim AbdulKadir, said the consultations with UK authorities are ongoing.

He added that a formal request for a prisoner transfer to allow Ekweremadu to serve the remainder of his sentence in Nigeria has been submitted.

He said, “Consultations are still ongoing with UK authorities on the matter.

“An appeal for a prisoner exchange for him to serve the remainder of his term in Nigeria was tabled before the United Kingdom authorities.”

Our correspondence earlier reported that Ekweremadu and his wife were arrested by the London Metropolitan Police in June 2022, after a man was falsely presented to a private renal unit at Royal Free Hospital in London as a cousin to their daughter Sonia, in what turned out to be a failed attempt to persuade medics to carry out an £80,000 transplant.

Ike Ekweremadu was convicted in the UK for his role in organ trafficking after attempting to bring a 21-year-old Lagos street vendor to Britain for a kidney transplant intended for his daughter, Sonia.

The 21-year-old man, who was allegedly promised work in the UK, reported the matter to the police in May of the same year, stating that he was brought to the country for an organ transplant.

In March 2023, Ekweremadu was found guilty of organ trafficking by a UK court and was later, in May, sentenced to nine years and eight months under the UK Modern Slavery Act.

His wife, Beatrice, received a four-year and six-month sentence and was released early in 2025, while a medical intermediary, Dr Obinna Obeta, was handed a ten-year prison term.

However, in January, Beatrice was released from prison and returned to Nigeria.

The case drew widespread attention, sparking diplomatic discussions between Nigeria and the UK, exposing gaps in transplant regulations, and prompting further investigations in the UK.

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Warri- Itakpe train derailment: Police parade suspects, CP Kwaimo, Says vandalism is an economic sabotage

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Warri- Itakpe train derailment: Police parade arrested suspects … this act of vandalism is an economic sabotage – CP Kwaimo

…… Railway properties are critical national assets and not scraps, we are going to deploy technology for rail tracks monitoring – Opeifa

The Railway Command of the Nigeria Police Force today Friday 7th November 2025 at it’s headquarters in Ebute Metta, Lagos, paraded the two suspects arrested in connection with the derailment of the Warri Itakpe train service on Sunday 1st of November 2025.

Speaking to newsmen, the Commissioner of Police Nigeria Police Railway Command, CP Vungmoh S.M. Kwaimo, described the vandalism of train tracks as an act of economic sabotage which will be fought to a standstill. According to CP Kwaimo, the suspects, identified as Mudansuru Mutari (male, aged 27) and Blorie Kokori (aged 39), were apprehended around Kilometer 208 before Abraka, Delta State, on Tuesday, November 4, 2025, by operatives of the NRC Police Command in collaboration with local security agents.

CP Kwaimo described the arrest as a breakthrough in the fight against train tracks vandalism in the Agbor Abraka axis. According to him, “We are going all out against the vandals because we have a responsibility to ensure safety of life and property in line with section 4 of the Police Act”.

According to the CP, preliminary investigations and their confessional statements revealed their direct involvement in tampering with vital components of the rail track. He said, “We will pursue this case to see that justice is served”. He also promised to go after the sponsors, some of whom have been identified in Lagos and Agbor.

The CP used the occasion to inform the public that the number of policemen attached to each coach in the operations of the Nigerian Railway is to be increased. He expressed gratitude to President Bola Tinubu, the Inspector General of police and the management team of the NRC for their support and zero tolerance for railway vandalism.

CP Vungmoh Kwaimo at the parade of the suspects was flanked by his officers and men which included DCP Yahaya Mana DC (CID), DCP Toyin O. Sulyman DC (OPS), ACP Ibrahim Audu AC (OPS), among others.

In a similar vein, the president general of the Nigerian Union of Railwaymen comrade Innocent Luka Ajiji who led members of his executive to the parade of the suspects, was full of praise for the new leadership of the Nigerian Railway police command under CP Kwaimo Vungmoh for their tireless efforts in the fight against rail tracks vandalism, just as he commended the management of NRC led by Dr Kayode Opeifa for the reinvigoration and turn around of the Nigerian Railway Corporation and railway men for their commitment to their duty even in the face of challenges and setbacks caused by train tracks vandalism.

Similarly, the managing director and chief executive officer of the NRC Dr Kayode Opeifa while speaking to newsmen in his office, called on states governments to show concern to take ownership of the railway tracks that passes through their states through the provision of infrastructures like motorable roads to the train stations.

Comrade Opeifa reiterated his warning that railway properties are critical national assets and not scraps, and warned vandals and their sponsors to stay away or face the full weight of the law. According to the NRC helmsman, “Railway properties are national assets, stay away, we are changing strategies to secure train tracks, We are deploying technology and the use of local communities to safe guard our train tracks”.

According to Dr Opeifa, “We are prosecuting many arrested vandals of train tracks and will not stop, unless they stay away from our national assets”.

Dr. Opeifa emphasized that the NRC under his leadership remains focused on President Bola Tinubu administration Renewed Hope Agenda and will not compromise in the provision of efficient service delivery and safety of it’s passengers whose comfort is non negotiable.

He identified funding as a major challenge in the operations of the NRC, but noted that the support of states governments remains critical, to enhancing quality and efficient service delivery to the people.

Comrade Opeifa said that the corporation was in talks with the Rural Electrification Agency to provide electricity to the stations and trains tracks to about 500 meters to the train stations. He also called on the members of the national assembly to consider the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) in their constituency projects.

Speaking on the derailed Warri Itakpe train of the 1st of November 2025, Dr Opeifa stated that only two coaches were affected as a result of the removed bolts and clips. He highlighted that over 300 bolts and clips were removed within the axis which caused the derailment, but that the re-railment was concluded within 24 hours, but due to the need to carry out necessary and diligent safety checks, the resumption of train services had to be put on hold temporarily and that train service has resumed on the corridor.

Comrade Opeifa used the occasion of the press briefing to appreciate and commend the commuting public whose loyalty, according to him, “Strengthened our resolve to remain committed and undeterred by the derailment setbacks”.

 

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